if my opponent holds with a bomb token, does the damage go through before scoring?

Radiance rules aren't published yet. This uses the printed card and current rules only, and it isn't a ruling on the new mechanics.

No — the point gets scored first, then the damage. The Bomb's Deploy trigger only has its condition met by the hold itself, and holding scores automatically with no priority window (FAQ #10523); hold-based triggers go on the chain as pending items after the point is gained (Rule 383.4.d.2.b). So your opponent banks the hold point, then Deploy resolves and kills the Bomb, then the death trigger ("deal 2 to an enemy there and kill your other Bombs there") goes on the chain and deals its damage afterwards. Killing their unit can't take the point back, and they can't re-score that battlefield this turn (Rule 470).

Two things worth pinning down: the 2 damage is "an enemy there" from the Bomb's controller's view, so it hits the holding player's unit at that battlefield, and your opponent does get a chance to react to the Deploy trigger or the death trigger before damage lands. Also, if the Bomb belongs to the player doing the holding, nothing happens — Deploy only fires when an opponent of the Bomb's controller holds there, so no kill and no damage at all.

This is my interpretation based on Rule 383.4.d and current hold-scoring timing. No official FAQ exists for this specific interaction.