Do bomb token gears count as cards played

No — a Bomb token is a token, not a card, so playing one doesn't count as "playing a card." Rule 185 makes tokens their own object category ("Tokens are not cards"), and Rule 350.2 spells out that they can still be Played — that's playing a token, not playing a card. Legion and similar "if you have played another card this turn" checks specifically require a card, so Gold/Bomb-style token gears don't satisfy them (FAQ #4724, #9260).

What it does count as is playing a gear, because tokens keep their card type (FAQ #8803) — so triggers that ask for "when you play a gear" see it. (Compare FAQ #9440: playing a token unit is playing a unit.)

One thing worth separating out: Deploy is what lets the Bomb be played to a battlefield rather than your Base (Rule 830.1.b), and that's a permission change, not a change to what kind of object it is.